KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE & PRACTICE (KAP) ON BOOSTER DOSE OF COVID-19 VACCINE IN MALAYSIAN ADULTS
Nuruddin M. N & Muhammad Fakhrurrazi M. F., Mohamad Khairul Nazri I. A., Ku Sorfina K. Z., Nur Adrianan Batrisyia L., Adawiyah Farazila A. F & Putri Nur Amiliyana A.
abstract
COVID-19, also known as coronavirus disease, was caused by SARS-CoV-2 originating from Wuhan, China, in December 2019. More than two years has been passed and now world is facing Omicron wave. Ministry of health (MOH) of Malaysia rolled out Booster dose for Covid-19 to fight against the new variant and now widens its vaccine roll-out to those as young as five years old to combat the disease. In this cross-sectional study was conducted from May 18th, 2022 to June 11th, 2022 through Google form. The questionnaire comprises 33 questions covering demographic data and the KAP of the respondents. The link to the survey was distributed through social media platforms such as Facebook, Instagram, Telegram, and WhatsApp and received over 400 responses. The inclusion criteria for this study were Malaysian citizens aged 18 and above who had received the Covid-19 vaccine and its booster dose. The SPSS statistical package version 28 was used to analyze all data. Less than 10% of the respondents have moderate knowledge, 30% of the respondents have a poor to moderate attitude and 80% of the respondents have poor and moderate practice about booster dose of COVID-19 as they are not sure about the effectiveness of it. There was no significant difference (p >0.05) between age, gender, religion and ethnicity groups regarding KAP of booster dose. Awareness of Booster dose of Covid-19 is significantly improved among the Malaysians because of government vaccine campaign and implication mysejahtera to monitor health status of people. A larger population sample with a longer period of study would reflect a better impression of KAP on booster dose.
references
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3. Esakandari H, Nabi-Afjadi M, Fakkari-Afjadi J, Farahmandian N, Miresmaeili SM, Bahreini E. A comprehensive review of COVID-19 characteristics. Biol Proced Online. 2020 Aug 4;22:19. doi: 10.1186/s12575-020-00128-2. PMID: 32774178; PMCID: PMC7402395.
4. Lauer SA, Grantz KH, Bi Q, Jones FK, Zheng Q, Meredith HR, Azman AS, Reich NG, Lessler J. The Incubation Period of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) From Publicly Reported Confirmed Cases: Estimation and Application. Ann Intern Med. 2020 May 5;172(9):577-582. doi: 10.7326/M20-0504. Epub 2020 Mar 10. PMID: 32150748; PMCID: PMC7081172.
5. Sepandi M, Taghdir M, Alimohamadi Y, Afrashteh S, Hosamirudsari H. Factors Associated with Mortality in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Iran J Public Health. 2020 Jul;49(7):1211-1221. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v49i7.3574. PMID: 33083287; PMCID: PMC7548487.
6. Singhal T. A Review of Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19). Indian J Pediatr. 2020 Apr;87(4):281-286. doi: 10.1007/s12098-020-03263-6. Epub 2020 Mar 13. PMID: 32166607; PMCID: PMC7090728.
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8. Jairoun AA, Al-Hemyari SS, El-Dahiyat F, Jairoun M, Shahwan M, Al Ani M, Habeb M, Babar ZU. Assessing public knowledge, attitudes and determinants of third COVID-19 vaccine booster dose acceptance: current scenario and future perspectives. J Pharm Policy Pract. 2022 Mar 28;15(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40545-022-00422-2. PMID: 35346377; PMCID: PMC8959269.
9. Chang CT, Lee M, Lee JCY, Lee NCT, Ng TY, Shafie AA, Thong KS. Public KAP towards COVID-19 and Antibiotics Resistance: A Malaysian Survey of Knowledge and Awareness. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 9;18(8):3964. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18083964. PMID: 33918782; PMCID: PMC8069954.
10. Mohamed NA, Solehan HM, Mohd Rani MD, Ithnin M, Arujanan M. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Malaysia: Public perception, knowledge, and acceptance. PLoS One. 2023 Apr 27;18(4):e0284973. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0284973. PMID: 37104381; PMCID: PMC10138221.
11. De Giorgio A, Kuvačić G, Maleš D, Vecchio I, Tornali C, Ishac W, Ramaci T, Barattucci M, Milavić B. Willingness to Receive COVID-19 Booster Vaccine: Associations between Green-Pass, Social Media Information, Anti-Vax Beliefs, and Emotional Balance. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Mar 21;10(3):481. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10030481. PMID: 35335113; PMCID: PMC8952598.
12. Mohamed NA, Solehan HM, Mohd Rani MD, Ithnin M, Che Isahak CI (2021) Knowledge, acceptance and perception on COVID-19 vaccine among Malaysians: A web-based survey. PLoS ONE 16(8): e0256110. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0256110.
13. Rajakumar S, Shamsuddin N, Alshawsh MA, Rajakumar S, Zaman Huri H. A survey on Malaysian's acceptance and perceptions towards COVID-19 booster dose. Saudi Pharm J. 2023 Nov;31(11):101797. doi: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101797. Epub 2023 Sep 26. PMID: 37829192; PMCID: PMC10565867.
14. Wang VH, Silver D, Pagán JA. Generational differences in beliefs about COVID-19 vaccines. Prev Med. 2022 Apr;157:107005. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2022.107005. Epub 2022 Feb 27. PMID: 35235852; PMCID: PMC8882364.
15. Ghazy RM, Abdou MS, Awaidy S, Sallam M, Elbarazi I, Youssef N, Fiidow OA, Mehdad S, Hussein MF, Adam MF, Abdullah FSA, Rebai WK, Raad EB, Hussein M, Shehata SF, Ismail II, Salam AA, Samhouri D. Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine Booster Doses Using the Health Belief Model: A Cross-Sectional Study in Low-Middle- and High-Income Countries of the East Mediterranean Region. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Sep 25;19(19):12136. doi: 10.3390/ijerph191912136. PMID: 36231447; PMCID: PMC9566578.
16. Saeed H, Ali K, Nabeel M, Rasool MF, Islam M, Hashmi FK, Saeed A, Saleem Z. Knowledge, Attitudes, Perceptions, and Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination among Pharmacy and Non-Pharmacy Students. Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Jan 13;11(1):176. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11010176. PMID: 36680020; PMCID: PMC9860991.
17. Lee RC, Hu H, Kawaguchi ES, Kim AE, Soto DW, Shanker K, Klausner JD, Van Orman S, Unger JB. COVID-19 booster vaccine attitudes and behaviors among university students and staff in the United States: The USC Trojan pandemic research Initiative. Prev Med Rep. 2022 Aug;28:101866. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101866. Epub 2022 Jun 27. PMID: 35785408; PMCID: PMC9235287.
18. Elnaem MH, Mohd Taufek NH, Ab Rahman NS, Mohd Nazar NI, Zin CS, Nuffer W, Turner CJ. COVID-19 Vaccination Attitudes, Perceptions, and Side Effect Experiences in Malaysia: Do Age, Gender, and Vaccine Type Matter? Vaccines. 2021; 9(10):1156. https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9101156.
19. Kricorian K, Civen R, Equils O. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: misinformation and perceptions of vaccine safety. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 31;18(1):1950504. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1950504. Epub 2021 Jul 30. PMID: 34325612; PMCID: PMC8920251.
20. Tsai R, Hervey J, Hoffman K, Wood J, Johnson J, Deighton D, Clermont D, Loew B, Goldberg SL. COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Acceptance Among Individuals With Cancer, Autoimmune Diseases, or Other Serious Comorbid Conditions: Cross-sectional, Internet-Based Survey. JMIR Public Health Surveill. 2022 Jan 5;8(1):e29872. doi: 10.2196/29872. PMID: 34709184; PMCID: PMC8734610.
21. Hashim JH, Adman MA, Hashim Z, Mohd Radi MF, Kwan SC. COVID-19 Epidemic in Malaysia: Epidemic Progression, Challenges, and Response. Front Public Health. 2021 May 7;9:560592. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.560592. PMID: 34026696; PMCID: PMC8138565.
22. Ding Y, Huo W and Jin Y (2022) Does believing in different types of religion affect subjective wellbeing? Analysis of the public data of the Taiwan Social Change Survey. Front. Psychol. 13:1054566. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1054566.
23. Wong LP, Alias H, Siaw YL, Muslimin M, Lai LL, Lin Y, Hu Z. Intention to receive a COVID-19 vaccine booster dose and associated factors in Malaysia. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Nov 30;18(5):2078634. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2078634. Epub 2022 Jun 1. PMID: 35648441; PMCID: PMC9481074.
24. Chang CT, Lim XJ, Chew CC, Rajan P, Chan HK, Abu Hassan MR, Akmal Shafie A, Lee SWH. Preferences and willingness of accepting COVID-19 vaccine booster: Results from a middle-income country. Vaccine. 2022 Dec 12;40(52):7515-7519. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.10.057. Epub 2022 Nov 1. PMID: 36371369; PMCID: PMC9622382.
25. Sano Y, Mammen S. Mitigating the Impact of the Coronavirus Pandemic on Rural Low-Income Families. J Fam Econ Issues. 2022;43(2):227-238. doi: 10.1007/s10834-021-09800-5. Epub 2022 Feb 22. PMID: 35221641; PMCID: PMC8860626.